Disclaimer

1. No warranty of accuracy

The articles and calculators are provided "as is" and "as available", without warranty of any kind, express or implied, including any implied warranty of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose or non-infringement. While the formulae used are standard and the implementations are tested against published reference values, no guarantee is given that any result is accurate, complete or current, or that the Site will be free of errors or interruption.

2. Results are valid only under stated assumptions

Every result depends on assumptions that the tool cannot check for you. Common examples:

• Reference levels. A dB figure is meaningless without the reference it is taken against. dBV, dBu, dBFS, dBSPL and dBm use different references, and the tool assumes the one named in its label.
• Window and averaging. Spectrum amplitude and coherence values depend on the window applied and on the number of averages. Fewer averages produce a coherence that looks better than it is.
• Sample rate and time base. Frequency readouts assume the sample rate you entered, not the rate the hardware actually ran at.
• Floating-point rounding. Results are computed in double precision. Values shown are rounded for display, and successive operations may accumulate differences in the last digits.
• Environment. Acoustic calculations assume the temperature and conditions you enter, and ignore effects such as humidity, wind and non-uniform air.

3. No substitute for measurement

Calculated values are not measurements. In any context affecting safety, compliance, product specification, calibration or contractual delivery, verify results with properly calibrated equipment and, where relevant, an accredited test facility.

4. Limitation of liability

To the maximum extent permitted by law, the Site's operator shall not be liable for any direct, indirect, incidental, special, consequential or punitive damages, or for any loss of data, equipment, revenue or profit, arising out of or in connection with the use of, or inability to use, this Site or its content. Your sole remedy is to stop using the Site.

5. External links

Links to third-party material are provided for reference. The Site's operator does not control those resources and accepts no responsibility for their content or accuracy.

6. Reporting a problem

If you believe a formula, constant or output is wrong, please report it through the contact page with the details described there. Reproducible reports are investigated and, where a fault is confirmed, corrected and noted in the article.